Statistical Estimation of Epidemiological Risk

Preface.

1 Population Proportion or Prevalence.

1.1 Binomial sampling.

1.2 Cluster sampling.

1.3 Inverse sampling.

Exercises.

References.

2 Risk Difference.

2.1 Independent binomial sampling.

2.2 A series of independent binomial sampling procedures.

2.2.1 Summary interval estimators.

2.2.2 Test for the homogeneity of risk difference.

2.3 Independent cluster sampling.

2.4 Paired-sample data.

2.5 Independent negative binomial sampling (inverse sampling).

2.6 Independent poisson sampling.

2.7 Stratified poisson sampling.

Exercises.

References.

3 Relative Difference.

3.1 Independent binomial sampling.

3.2 A series of independent binomial sampling procedures.

3.2.1 Asymptotic interval estimators.

3.2.2 Test for the homogeneity of relative difference.

3.3 Independent cluster sampling.

3.4 Paired-sample data.

3.5 Independent inverse sampling.

Exercises.

References.

4 Relative Risk.

4.1 Independent binomial sampling.

4.2 A series of independent binomial sampling procedures.

4.2.1 Asymptotic interval estimators.

4.2.2 Test for the homogeneity of risk ratio.

4.3 Independent cluster sampling.

4.4 Paired-sample data.

4.5 Independent inverse sampling.

4.5.1 Uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator of relative risk.

4.5.2 Interval estimators of relative risk.

4.6 Independent poisson sampling.

4.7 Stratified poisson sampling.

Exercises.

References.

5 Odds Ratio.

5.1 Independent binomial sampling.

5.1.1 Asymptotic interval estimators.

5.1.2 Exact confidence interval.

5.2 A series of independent binomial sampling procedures.

5.2.1 Asymptotic interval estimators.

5.2.2 Exact confidence interval.

5.2.3 Test for homogeneity of the odds ratio.

5.3 Independent cluster sampling.

5.4 One-to-one matched sampling.

5.5 Logistic modeling.

5.5.1 Estimation under multinomial or independent binomial sampling.

5.5.2 Estimation in the case of paired-sample data.

5.6 Independent inverse sampling.

5.7 Negative multinomial sampling for paired-sample data.

Exercises.

References.

6 Generalized Odds Ratio.

6.1 Independent multinomial sampling.

6.2 Data with repeated measurements (or under cluster sampling).

6.3 Paired-sample data.

6.4 Mixed negative multinomial and multinomial sampling.

Exercises.

References.

7 Attributable Risk.

7.1 Study designs with no confounders.

7.1.1 Cross-sectional sampling.

7.1.2 Case–control studies.

7.2 Study designs with confounders.

7.2.1 Cross-sectional sampling.

7.2.2 Case–control studies.

7.3 Case–control studies with matched pairs.

7.4 Multiple levels of exposure in case–control studies.

7.5 Logistic modeling in case–control studies.

7.5.1 Logistic model containing only the exposure variables of interest.

7.5.2 Logistic regression model containing both exposure and confounding variables.

7.6 Case–control studies under inverse sampling.

Exercises.

References.

8 Number Needed to Treat.

8.1 Independent binomial sampling.

8.2 A series of independent binomial sampling procedures.

8.3 Independent cluster sampling.

8.4 Paired-sample data.

Exercises.

References.

Appendix Maximum Likelihood Estimator and Large-Sample Theory.

A.1: The maximum likelihood estimator, Wald’s test, the score test, and the asymptotic likelihood ratio test.

A.2: The delta method and its applications.

References.

Answers to Selected Exercises.

Index.