Ad Hoc Networks: Routing, Qos and Optimization

Chapter 1. Introduction to Ad Hoc Networks 1

1.1. Introduction 1

1.2. Wireless networks and communications 2

1.3. Ad hoc networks (MANET) 8

1.4. Routing of ad hoc networks 15

1.5. Conclusion 22

Chapter 2. Routing in MANETs 23

2.1. Introduction 23

2.2. Internet routing protocols 24

2.3. Classification of routing protocols in MANET 28

2.4. Conclusion 47

Chapter 3. Performance Evaluation of OLSR and AODV Protocols 49

3.1. Introduction 49

3.2. The AODV protocol 50

3.3. The OLSR protocol 58

3.4. Simulation environment 74

3.5. Results and analysis 80

3.6. Conclusion 86

Chapter 4. Quality of Service in MANETs 89

4.1. Introduction 89

4.2. QoS: a definition 90

4.3. The OLSRQSUP protocol and QoS extensions 100

4.4. Conclusion 113

Chapter 5. Implementation and Simulation 115

5.1. Introduction 115

5.2. Implementation 116

5.3. Simulation 121

5.4. Conclusion 143

Chapter 6. Load Distribution in MANETs 145

6.1. Introduction 145

6.2. Previous approaches to the load-sharing problem 146

6.3. Analytical study of the load-sharing problem in an ad hoc network with shortest-path routing 156

6.4. Proposition 161

6.5. Performance evaluation of proposed load-balancing mechanisms 171

6.6. Conclusion 177

Chapter 7. Energy Optimization in Routing Protocols 179

7.1. Introduction 179

7.2. Energy optimization techniques 180

7.3. Energy minimizing routing models in ad hoc networks 188

7.4. Comparison of energy consumption for an ad hoc network routing protocols simulated in ns-2 198

7.5. Conclusion 210

Chapter 8. Wi-Fi Access for Ad Hoc Networks 211

8.1. Introduction 211

8.2. Wi-Fi network structure 212

8.3. Wi-Fi network architecture 225

8.4. Wi-Fi norms 231

8.5. 802.11n migration 237

8.6. Conclusion 239

Bibliography 241

APPENDICES 247

Appendix 1. The Ad Hoc Networks Simulator (ANS) 249

Appendix 2. TCL Script of OLSRQSUP Protocol 255

Appendix 3. Awk Script 261

Index 265