Dynamic Behavior of Concrete and Seismic Engineering

Preface . xi

Chapter 1. Dynamic Behavior of Concrete: Experimental Aspects 1
François Toutlemonde and Gérard Gary

1.1. Introduction 1

1.2. Tests in which the transient rate has little influence 10

1.3. Tests with transient phase conditioned interpretations 20

1.4. Other tests 29

1.5. Synthesis of the experimental data on concrete and associated materials 33

1.6. Conclusion 46

1.7. Bibliography 47

Chapter 2. Dynamic Behavior of Concrete: Constitutive Models 55
Patrice Bailly

2.1. Dynamics of concrete structures 55

2.2. Fast dynamics applied to concrete 62

2.3. Scabbing 68

2.4. Effect of a shock wave on the structure of materials 69

2.5. Modeling types 70

2.6. Models 76

2.7. Conclusion 90

2.8. Bibliography 92

Chapter 3. Seismic Ground Motion 95
Pierre-Yves Bard

3.1. Introduction 95

3.2. Measuring seismic motions 96

3.3. Quantitative characterization of seismic movements 98

3.4. Factors affecting seismic motions 108

3.5. Conclusions 120

3.6. Bibliography 121

Chapter 4. Soil Behavior: Dynamic Soil-Structure Interactions 125
Alain Pecker

Introduction 125

4.1. Behavior of soils under seismic loading 126

4.2. Modeling soil behavior 131

4.3. Linear soil-structure interactions  143

4.4. Non-linear soil-structure interactions 158

4.5. Bibliography 161

Chapter 5. Experimental Methods in Earthquake Engineering 165
Alain Millard, Pierre Pegon and Jean-Claude Queval

Introduction 165

5.1. The pseudo-dynamic method 167

5.2. The conventional pseudo-dynamic method 170

5.3. Continuous pseudo-dynamic method 178

5.4. Final comments 183

5.5. Shaking table tests 184

5.6. Laws of similarity 193

5.7. Instrumentation 194

5.8. Loading 195

5.9. Conclusion 196

5.10. Bibliography 197

Chapter 6. Experiments on Large Structures 201
Patrick Paultre and Jean Proulx

Introduction 201

6.1. Instrumentation 202

6.2. Dynamic loads 205

6.3. Data processing 206

6.4. Application to buildings 208

6.5. Bridge application 213

6.6. Application to large dams 220

6.7. Conclusion 230

6.8. Acknowledgements 230

6.9. Bibliography 230

Chapter 7. Models for Simulating the Seismic Response of Concrete Structures 233
Didier Combescure, Nicolas Ile, Jacky Mazars and Jean-Marie Reynouard

7.1. Introduction 233

7.2. Different discretization families 234

7.3. Behavior laws for concrete 240

7.4. A few examples with their validation through experiments  250

7.5. Conclusions 269

7.6. Bibliography 270

Chapter 8. Seismic Analysis of Structures: Improvements Due to Probabilistic Concepts 273
Jean-René Gibert

8.1. Introduction 273

8.2. The modal method 274

8.3. Criticism of the modal method 279

8.4. A few reminders about random processes 280

8.5. Improvements to the modal method 292

8.6. Direct calculation of the floor spectra 297

8.7. Creation of synthetic signals and direct numerical integration 301

8.8. Seismic analysis of non-linear behavior structures 304

8.9. Conclusion 323

8.10. Bibliography 323

Chapter 9. Engineering Know-How: Lessons from Earthquakes and Rules for Seismic Design 327
Philippe Bisch

9.1. Introduction 327

9.2. Lessons from earthquakes 327

9.3. The aims of anti-seismic protection standards 336

9.4. General design 344

9.5. Behavior coefficients 349

9.6. Designing and dimensioning reinforced concrete structure elements 353

9.7. Conclusions 366

9.8. Bibliography 366

List of Authors 369

Index 373