Value Chain Struggles: Institutions and Governance in the Plantation Districts of South India

List of Figures vi

List of Tables viii

Series Editors’ Preface x

Acknowledgements xi

List of Abbreviations xiii

1 Introduction 1

2 Re-inserting Place and Institutions within Global Value Chain Analysis 27

3 How to Make a (South Indian) Cup of Tea or Coffee 66

4 The Institutional Environment of the South Indian Tea and Coffee Industries 107

5 Struggles over Labour and Livelihoods 130

6 Struggles over Environmental Governance in the Coffee Forests of Kodagu 162

7 Smallholder Engagement in Global Value Chains: Initiatives in the Nilgiris 186

8 Making a Living in the Global Economy: Institutional Environments and Value Chain Upgrading 210

9 Conclusion: What We Brewed 230

Appendix A: The Role of Managing Agents 240

Appendix B: The Operation and Intended

Reform of South India’s Tea Auctions 241

Appendix C: Restructuring of Tata Tea’s Munnar Operations 246

Notes 248

Bibliography 263

Index 291