Xcode 4

Preface xvii

Acknowledgments xix

Introduction xx

Part I: Getting Started 1

Chapter 1: Introducing Xcode 4 3

Understanding the History of Mac Development Tools 4

Looking back at early IDEs 4

Developing Xcode 5

Understanding Xcode 4’s Key Features 7

Moving to Xcode 4 9

Moving from the Xcode 3 to the Xcode 4 editor 10

Working with Interface Builder 16

Exploring code and file management 17

Exploring the debugger 19

Comparing iOS and OS X Development 20

Developing for OS X 20

Developing for iOS 22

OS X and iOS cross-development 23

Summary 24

Chapter 2: Getting and Installing Xcode 25

Selecting a Mac for Xcode 25

Choosing a processor 25

Selecting memory 26

Choosing a monitor 26

Working with disk storage 27

Choosing peripherals 28

Choosing supporting software 29

Signing Up for Development 30

Registering as a developer 31

Choosing a program 32

Accessing developer resources 36

Getting Started with Xcode 38

Installing Xcode 39

Creating and organizing project folders 42

Working with multiple versions of Xcode 44

Uninstalling Xcode 45

Summary 45

Chapter 3: Building Applications from Templates 47

Getting Started with Templates 47

Building a project from an application template 50

Looking inside the Application templates 57

Using the OS X Application templates 58

Understanding the iOS Application templates 62

Introducing the Framework and Library templates 69

Introducing Plug-in templates 70

Changing the Standard Templates 71

Finding the template files 71

Customizing the template files 72

Summary 74

Chapter 4: Navigating the Xcode Interface 75

Understanding the New Interface 75

Using the Navigation Area 77

The Project Navigator 77

The Symbol Navigator 79

The Search Navigator 82

The Issue Navigator and the Log Navigator 84

The Breakpoint Navigator and the Debug Navigator 88

Loading the navigators from menus and keyboard shortcuts 89

Using the Utility Area 90

Displaying file information 90

Using Quick Help 92

Using the library area 93

Working with the Editor Area 94

Getting started with code editing 95

Introducing build configurations 99

Summary 102

Chapter 5: Working with Files, Frameworks, and Classes 103

Working with Files and Classes 103

Adding new files to a project 104

Adding a new class 111

Adding new resources 112

Adding miscellaneous other files from the templates 112

Deleting and renaming files 113

Importing existing files 115

Reimporting missing files 116

Working with Groups 117

Moving groups and files 117

Creating a new group 118

Organizing groups 119

Working with Frameworks 119

Using frameworks 120

Adding existing frameworks 121

Summary 122

Chapter 6: Using Documentation 123

Understanding the Apple Documentation 125

Comparing iOS and OS X and their different versions 125

Understanding resource types 126

Using topics 136

Using frameworks and layers 138

Searching the online documentation 139

Using the Xcode Documentation Viewer 140

Browsing the documentation 141

Searching the documentation 143

Using class references 145

Accessing documentation from code 146

Using Other Documentation 148

Summary 149

Chapter 7: Getting Started with Interface Builder 151

Understanding IB 151

Understanding nib files 152

Using nib files 153

Getting Started with IB 156

Introducing key features of the editor 156

Viewing the template nib files 158

Introducing the utility area 159

Creating a Simple iOS Project with IB 163

Adding objects to a view 165

Setting object contents 167

Linking objects to code 176

Understanding the IB object hierarchy 186

Comparing IB in Xcode 4 with Xcode 3 188

Summary 188

Chapter 8: Creating More Advanced Effects with Interface Builder 189

Using File’s Owner and First Responder 189

Using File’s Owner 189

Using First Responder 191

Subclassing Views and Other Objects 193

Adding a new subclass in Xcode 194

Adding code to the subclass 196

Assigning the subclass in IB 198

Working with more advanced subclassing techniques 200

Creating Custom Objects 202

Creating Views with Static Images 202

Creating a colored background 203

Importing an image file 204

Assigning an image file 207

Supporting Non-English Languages 209

Working with Advanced IB Techniques 212

Using tags 212

Sending messages between nibs 213

Converting iPhone projects to the iPad 214

Summary 217

Part II: Going Deeper 219

Chapter 9: Saving Time in Xcode 221

Using Code Folding 221

Editing Structure 223

Refactoring Code 225

Using the Refactor menu 226

Using the Edit All In Scope feature 228

Using Code Snippets 229

Inserting a snippet 229

Creating a new snippet 230

Jumping to a Definition 232

Summary 233

Chapter 10: Using the Organizer 235

Working with Devices 235

Reviewing and managing profiles 237

Working with software images 239

Finding and installing iOS updates 240

Using device logs 241

Working with screenshots 244

Managing individual devices 246

Working with Projects and Archives 252

Managing Projects 252

Creating Archives 254

Summary 255

Chapter 11: Managing Certificates and Provisioning 257

Understanding Provisioning 257

Creating and Installing User Certificates 262

Creating a CSR 263

Uploading the CSR to the Provisioning Portal 265

Creating and downloading a development certificate 268

Creating and downloading a distribution certificate 268

Installing the certificates 269

Provisioning Devices Manually 271

Creating an App ID 272

Registering devices manually 277

Creating a Development Provisioning Profile 280

Creating a Distribution Provisioning Profile 283

Automatic Provisioning 285

Creating an automatic device profile 285

Refreshing a profile 286

Moving between Macs 287

Provisioning for OS X Distribution 288

Understanding OS X provisioning 289

Provisioning in practice 290

Summary 297

Chapter 12: Working with Builds, Schemes, and Workspaces 299

Getting Started with the Xcode Build System 299

Creating and organizing a workspace 301

Working with projects and targets 302

Understanding settings and options 304

Working with Schemes and Build Configurations 311

Getting started with build configurations 311

Understanding schemes 315

Editing schemes 316

Managing schemes, build actions, and targets 325

Summary 328

Chapter 13: Customizing Builds for Distribution and Advanced Development 329

Introducing Common Basic Customizations 329

Creating a build for testing and debugging 330

Selecting the Base SDK 330

Setting the minimum supported OS version 331

Including a framework or library in a build 336

Selecting a compiler 337

Controlling warnings 338

Disabling iOS PNG compression 339

Changing an app’s name before shipping 339

Creating App Store and Ad Hoc Builds 341

Building and packaging an iOS project for the App Store 341

Creating and distributing an iOS Ad Hoc build 357

Creating a Mac App Store submission 361

Working with Advanced Build Techniques 368

Understanding the build process 369

Introducing conditional compilation 370

Using conditional compilation 370

Understanding build phases and build rules 374

Working with build phases 374

Creating build rules 379

Summary 382

Chapter 14: Using Version Control 383

Using Manual Version Control 383

Using Snapshots 385

Working with Source Control 388

Understanding Git 389

Using Git locally 390

Using Xcode with GitHub 405

Summary 414

Part III: Creating Fast and Reliable Code 415

Chapter 15: Getting Started with Code Analysis and Debugging 417

Checking and Analyzing Code 418

Checking code as you enter it 418

Using Fix-It code tips 419

Using the Static Code Analyzer 420

Getting Started with Debugging 422

Using the Console 423

Creating custom messages 424

Using custom messages 425

Understanding crashes 426

Viewing multiple logs 429

Working with Breakpoints 430

Working with simple breakpoints 430

Using the Variables View 434

Using advanced breakpoint features 441

Working with Command-Line Debugging 446

Summary 448

Chapter 16: Testing Code with Instruments 449

Beginning with Instruments 450

Understanding Instruments 451

Exploring the Instruments UI 451

Getting Started with Instruments 458

Creating a leaky test app 459

Profiling an app with Instruments 460

Exploring the detail pane 475

Modifying instrument settings 476

Comparing different runs 479

Saving and loading runs 480

Working with Instruments and Templates 480

Understanding templates 480

Creating a template 480

Creating custom instruments 482

Working with UIAutomation 484

Setting up objects to support automation 485

Creating a test script 486

Getting started with Automation scripting 488

Summary 491

Chapter 17: Creating Unit Tests 493

Introducing Unit Testing 493

Understanding Unit Testing in Xcode 494

Creating a Simple Unit Test Project 496

Creating a new project that supports unit testing 497

Creating a class for testing 499

Creating a test case 502

Running tests 508

Summary 512

Part IV: Appendixes 513

Appendix A: Using Xcode’s Tools and Utilities 515

Appendix B: Working with Other Editors 527

Appendix C: Understanding Compiler Technology 549

Index 557