Alumina as a Ceramic Material

INTRODUCTION.

NOMENCLATURE.

PREPARATION OF ALUMINA PHASES.
Bauxite.
Preparation of Bayer Alumina.
Wet Alkaline Processes.
Wet Acid Processes.
Furnace Processes.
Carbothermic Processes.
Electrolytic Processes.
Amorphous and Gel Aluminas.

Preparation of the Alumina Trihydroxides.
Gibbsite.
Bayerite.
Nordstrandite, Bayerite II, Randomite.

Preparation of the Alumina Monohydroxides.
Boehmite.
Disapore.

Transition Aluminas.
Dehydration Mechanism.
Sequence of Transition.
Phases Formed on Aluminum.
Rehydration.

Alpha Alumina.
Preparation.
Factors Affecting Alumina Transitions.
Special Ceramic Aluminas.

Beta and Zeta Aluminas.
Suboxides and Gaseous Phases.

STRUCTURE AND MINERALOGICAL PROPERTIES.
Structure of the Alumina Phases.
Pseudomorphosis.
Surface Area of Alumina.
Porosity.
Sorptive Capacity.

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINA.
General Considerations.
Bending, Compressive, Tensile, and Torsional Strength.
Impact Strength.
Moduli of Elasticity (E), and Rigidity (G).
Poisson's Ration (ì).
Creep Characteristics.
Thermal Shock.
Internal Friction.
Fatigue.
Hardness and Abrasiveness of Alumina

THERMAL PROPERTIES.
Thermophysical and Thermochemical Constants.
Specific Heat.
Thermal Expansion.
Thermal Conductivity.
Thermal Diffusivity

SONIC EFFECTS IN ALUMINA.
Velocity of Sound in Alumina.
Ultrasonic Absorption.

ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINA.
Introduction.
Electrical Conductivity of Alumina.
Dielectric Constant and Loss Factor of Alumina.
Dielectric Strength

MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF ALUMINA.
Magnet Susceptibility.
Magnetic Resonance of Alumina.

OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINA.
Refractive Index of Alumina.
Transmission, Emissivity, and Absorption of Alumina.
Phosphorescence, Fluorescence, and Thermoluminescence.
Optical Spectra of Alumina.
Color in Alumina.
Chromia-Alumina System, Laser Applications

RADIATION AND ALUMINA.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINA.
Wet Chemical Reactions of Sintered Alumina.
Reaction of the Chemical Elements with Alumina.
Slagging Effects.
Ash Slags.
Slags Containing Sulfates.
Steel Furnace Slags.
Glass Furnace Reactions.
Calcium Aluminate Slags.
Aluminum Slag Reactions.
Miscellaneous Reactions

COLLOIDAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINA.
Plasticity.
Surface Charge and Zeta Potential of Alumina.
Flocculation and Deflocculation Effects.
Additives

GRINDING CERAMIC ALUMINA.

FORMING ALUMINA CERAMICS.
Cold Forming of Alumina.
Hot-Pressing.
Miscellaneous Forming Methods

SINTERING.
Introduction.
Sintering Atmospheres.
Sintering Additives

ALUMINA IN REFRACTORIES.
General.
High-Alumina Refractories.
Fused Cast Alumina Refractories.
Clay-Bonded Alumina Refractories, Mullite Refractories.
Spinel, Cordierite, Alumina-Chromite.
Refractory Equipment.
Refractories for Aluminum and Other Nonferrous Uses.
Lightweight Alumina Refractories.
Binders for Alumina Refractories

ALUMINA AS AN ABRASIVE MATERIAL.
Introduction.
Loose Grain Abrasive.
Grinding Wheels.
Ceramic Tools

ELECTRICAL APPLICATIONS.
Spark Plug Insulators.
Electron Tube Elements, High-Frequency Insulation.
Alumina Porcelain Insulation.
Resistors and Semiconductors

CEMENT.
Calcium Aluminate Cement.
Barium Aluminates

ALUMINA IN GLASS.
Introduction.
Bottle Glass.
Devitrified Glasses Containing Alumina.
Boron Glasses.
Lithium Glasses, Phosphate Glasses.
Optical Glasses

ALUMINA IN COATINGS.
Introduction.
Anodic Coatings on Aluminum.
Glazes and Enamels.
Flame-Sprayed Coatings.
Painted, Cast, or Troweled Coatings.
Electrolytic Coatings.
Evaporated Coatings.
Dip Coatings, Cementation Coatings.
Coatings on Alumina and Other Ceramic Bases.
Alumina Coatings for Electrical Insulation.
Alumina Coatings by Sputtering

ALUMINA IN CERMETS AND POWDER METALLURGY.
Introduction.
Chromium-Alumina Cermets.
(Iron, Nickel, Cobalt)-Alumina Cermets.
Aluminum-Alumina Alloys.
Miscellaneous Cermets

ALUMINA IN AIRBORNE CERAMICS.
Introduction.
Gas-Turbine Accessories.
Radomes and Rocket Equipment.

SEALS, METALLIZING, WELDING.

FIBERS, WHISKERS, FILAMENTS.
Introduction.
Alumina Fibers.
Glass Fibers

MISCELLANEOUS CERAMIC APPLICATIONS OF ALUMINA.
References.