A Teacher's Guide to Classroom Assessment: Understanding and Using Assessment to Improve Student Learning

Figures, Tables, and Exhibits ix

Foreword xiii
Ken O’Connor

Preface xvii

Acknowledgments xxi

About the Authors xxiii

Introduction: Assessment for Classroom Learning xxv

1. Understanding the Varieties of Assessment 1

Part One Clarifying Learning Targets 13

2. Unpacking Standards and Benchmarks 15

3. Defining Student Expectations 31

Part Two Gathering Assessment Evidence 43

4. Understanding and Selecting Assessment Methods 45

5. Written Product, Portfolio, and Project Assessments 63

6. Designing Quality Classroom Assessment Tasks 77

7. Creating Useful Scoring Guides 93

Part Three Making Sense of Assessment Data 111

8. Tracking and Analyzing Results 113

Part Four Linking Assessment to Instruction 129

9. Revising Feedback and Instructional Plans 131

10. Using Assessment to Motivate Students 159

Part Five Related Assessment Factors 175

11. Rethinking Grading Practices 177

12. Challenges of High-Stakes Assessment 197

Conclusion: An Appeal for Change 213

Appendix: Reflection and Discussion Questions 219

References 229

Index 237