Reflections on Empire

A Note on the Text vii

Preface: A Few Concepts Explained 1

A Conversation about Empire Antonio Negri and Danilo Zolo 11

Lesson 1: On Historical Method: Causality and Periodization 32

Sovereignty: Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri 49

Lesson 2: On Social Ontology: Material Labour, Immaterial Labour and Biopolitics 60

Globalization and Democracy: Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri 79

Lesson 3: Political Subjects: On the Multitude and Constituent Power 96

Towards an Ontological Definition of the Multitude 114

Lesson 4: On the Production of Subjectivity: Between War and Democracy 126

Counterpower 139

What to Make of 'What Is to Be Done?' Today: The Body of General Intellect 148

Lesson 5: Logic and the Theory of Inquiry: Militant Practice as Subject and Episteme 159

Following in Marx's Footsteps Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri 173

Index 196