School Counselor Consultation: Skills for Working Effectively with Parents, Teachers, and Other School Personnel

List of Tables and Figures ix

Foreword Robert D. Myrick, PhD xi

Chapter 1 Introduction to School Counselors as Consultants 1

Personal and Professional Growth Orientation 2

Knowledge of Consultation and Human Behavior 2

Consulting Skills 2

A Multicultural and Diversity Perspective 3

Why Consult? 5

Chapter 2 A School-Based Approach to Consultation: Supporting Models and Theories 9

Consultation in Schools 9

Theoretical Approach 10

Models of Consultation 12

Another Approach to Organization of Models 14

Models and Theory Central to This Approach 15

Case Consultation Model 16

Teaching/Workshop Model 16

Chapter 3 Ethical Issues in Consultation 19

Tripartite Relationship 19

Information about the Student (Client) 20

Information about the Consultee 23

Nonsupervisory Relationship 23

Voluntary and Temporary Relationship 24

Voluntary and Temporary 24

Encourages Consultee Self-Reliance 25

Work-Related Relationship 25

Other Ethical Issues 26

Working with Other Professionals 26

Competence 28

Values 28

Fees for Service 29

Additional Considerations 29

Chapter 4 Case Consultation with Teachers and Parents 31

Basic Consultation Model 31

Before the Consultation 32

Step I: Prepare for the Consultation 32

During the Consultation 34

Step II: Define the Process and Develop the Relationship 34

Step III: Present and Gather Information about the Student 35

Step IV: Choose Behaviors to Work On—Identify/Plan Intervention and Follow-Up Strategies 37

After the Consultation 41

Step V: Follow-Up 41

Chapter 5 Typical Issues in School Consultation 43

How to Refer Students 43

What Parents and Teachers Can Tell Students about Seeing the Counselor 45

Frequently Asked Questions 47

Consultee Resistance 48

Chapter 6 Workshops and Education Programs 51

Workshop Model 51

Programs for Teachers 52

Cooperative Discipline 54

Tribes: A New Way of Learning and Being Together 54

Systematic Training for Effective Teaching 55

Preparing Parents for a Different Approach 55

Programs for Parents 56

MegaSkills 58

Roots and Wings: Raising Resilient Children 58

Building Successful Partnerships: A Guide for Developing Parent and Family Involvement Programs 58

Systematic Training for Effective Parenting 59

The Next STEP (Systematic Training for Effective Parenting through Problem Solving) 60

Strengthening Stepfamilies 60

Active Parenting Now 61

Family Talk 61

Bowdoin Parent Education Program 62

Chapter 7 Other Opportunities for Consultation in Schools 65

Parent-Teacher-Counselor Conferences 65

Student-Teacher-Counselor Conferences 66

Teacher Team Consultation 67

Grade Level Team Meetings 67

School-Based Teams 68

Referral Teams 74

Common School-Based Recommendations for Students with Task Completion Difficulties 75

Teacher Advisor Programs 76

Other Suggestions about Kinds of Consultation 78

Chapter 8 Classroom Meetings: Creating a Climate of Cooperation 81

Benefits of Classroom Meetings 81

The Classroom Meeting Format 82

Teaching Teachers to Use Classroom Meetings 84

Barriers to Effective Classroom Meetings and Strategies to Overcome Them 86

Chapter 9 Consultation with Administrators 89

Crisis Intervention: Planning for and Responding to a Crisis 90

The Role of the School Counselor 90

Guidelines for Responding to a Crisis 92

Schoolwide Plans 92

The Process of Schoolwide Change 94

The School Counselor and Discipline Planning 95

A Four-KEY Approach to Schoolwide Discipline 97

Chapter 10 Consultation in the Community 101

Referrals 101

Speaker’s Bureau 102

Parent Group 102

Parent-Teacher Organization 103

Service or Civic Clubs 103

Business Partners or Partners in Education 103

Community Task Forces 104

Grandparent Program 104

Keys to Successful Community Involvement 104

Concluding Remarks 107

Appendix A: Adlerian Theory 109

Appendix B: Ethical Standards for School Counselors 117

Appendix C: The American Counseling Association Code of Ethics 131

Appendix D: Building Consultation Skills: An

Application-Learning Model 161

References 173

Annotated Bibliography 179

Author Index 185

Subject Index 187

About the Authors 195