Superacid Chemistry, 2nd Edition

Preface to the Second Edition.

Preface to the First Edition.

Chapter 1: General Aspects.

1.1. Defining Acidity.

1.2. Definition of Superacids.

1.3. Types of Superacids.

1.4. Experimental Techniques for Acidity Measurements (Protic Acids).

Chapter 2: Superacid Systems.

2.1. Primary Superacids.

2.2. Binary Superacids.

2.3. Ternary Superacids.

2.4. Solid Superacids.

Chapter 3: Carbocations in Superacid Systems.

3.1. Introduction.

3.2. Methods of Generating Carbocations in Superacids.

3.3. Methods and Techniques in the Study of Carbocations.

3.4. Trivalent Carbocations.

3.5. Equilibrating (Degenerate) and Higher (Five or Six) Coordinate (Nonclassical) Carbocations.

Chapter 4: Heterocations in Superacid Systems.

4.1. Introduction.

4.2. Onium Ions.

4.3. Enium Ions.

4.4. Homo- And Heteropolyatomic Cations.

4.5. Cations of Group 6-12 Elements.

Chapter 5: Superacid-Catalyzed Reactions.

5.1. Conversion of Saturated Hydrocarbons.

5.2. Alkylation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons.

5.3. Acylation of Aromatics.

5.4. Carboxylation.


5.5. Formylation.

5.6. Thio- and Dithiocarboxylation.

5.7. Sulfonation and Sulfonylation.

5.8. Nitration.

5.9. Nitrosonium Ion (No+)-Induced Reactions.

5.10. Halogenation.

5.11. Amination.

5.12. Oxyfunctionalization.

5.13. Superacids in Protection Group Chemistry.

5.14. Superacids in Heterocyclic Chemistry.

5.15. Dehydration.

5.16. Superacids in Carbohydrate Chemistry.

5.17. Rearrangements and Cyclizations.

5.18. Ionic Hydrogenation.

5.19. Esterification and Ester Cleavage.

5.20. Additions.

5.21. Ritter Reactions.

5.22. Polymerization.

5.23. Miscellaneous Reactions.

References.

Outlook.

Index.