A Problem-Solving Approach to Aquatic Chemistry

Part I: Fundamental Concepts 1

Chapter 1: Getting Started with the Fundamental Concepts 3

Chapter 2: Concentration Units 13

Chapter 3: Thermodynamic Basis of Equilibrium 33

Chapter 4: Manipulating Equilibria 67

Part II: Solution of Chemical Equilibrium Problems 87

Chapter 5: Getting Started with the Solution of Chemical Equilibrium Problems 89

Chapter 6: Setting Up Chemical Equilibrium Problems 97

Chapter 7: Algebraic Solution Techniques 121

Chapter 8: Graphical Solution Techniques 141

Chapter 9: Computer Solution Techniques 171

Part III: Acid-Base Equilibria in Homogenous Aqueous Systems 191

Chapter 10: Getting Started with Acid-Base Equilibria in Homogeneous Aqueous Systems 193

Chapter 11: Acids and Bases 203

Chapter 12: Titrations 229

Chapter 13: Alkalinity and Acidity 267

Part IV: Other Equilibria in Homogeneous Aqueous Systems 295

Chapter 14: Getting Started with Other Equilibria in Homogeneous Aqueous Systems 297

Chapter 15: Complexation 305

Chapter 16: Oxidation and Reduction 337

Part V: Heterogeneous Systems 383

Chapter 17: Getting Started with Heterogeneous Systems 385

Chapter 18: Gas-Liquid Equilibria 391

Chapter 19: Solid-Liquid Equilibria and the Aquatic Chemistry of Surfaces 417

Part VI: Beyond Dilute Systems at Equilibrium 459

Chapter 20: Getting Started with Beyond Dilute Solutions at Equilibrium 461

Chapter 21: Thermodynamics Revisited: The Effects of Ionic Strength, Temperature, and Pressure 467

Chapter 22: Chemical Kinetics of Aquatic Systems 491

Chapter 23: Putting It All Together: Integrated Chemistry in Aquatic Systems 519

Appendices 537

Appendix A: Background Information 537

Appendix B: A Comparison of Steady State and the Equilibrium State 543

Appendix C: Summary of Procedures 547

Appendix D: Selected Chemical Equilibria 555

Appendix E: Animations 567

Appendix F: Nanoql (also on CD) 573

References 577

Index 581