The Water Framework Directive: Ecological and Chemical Status MonitoringISBN: 978-0-470-51836-6
Hardcover
496 pages
December 2008
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Series Preface ix
Preface xi
List of Contributors xiii
SECTION 1 GENERAL WFD MONITORING FEATURES 1
1.1 Water Status Monitoring under the WFD 3
Philippe Quevauviller
1.2 Chemical Monitoring of Surface Waters 11
Peter Lepom and Georg Hanke
1.3 The Monitoring of Ecological Status of European Freshwaters
29
Angelo G. Solimini, Ana Cristina Cardoso, Jacob Carstensen, Gary
Free, Anna-Stiina Heiskanen, Niels Jepsen, Peeter Noges, Sandra
Poikane and Wouter van de Bund
SECTION 2 CASE STUDIES ON MONITORING DIFFERENT AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS UNDER THE WFD 61
2.1 Lake Monitoring in Sweden 63
Hakan Marklund
2.2 River Monitoring 77
Elena Perez Gallego
2.3 Groundwater Monitoring: Implementation in Two Member States
87
Rob Ward, Johannes Grath and Andreas Scheidleder
2.4 Coastal and Marine Monitoring 103
Patrick Roose
SECTION 3 ANALYTICAL TOOLS IN SUPPORT OF WFD MONITORING 131
3.1 Emerging Methods for Water Monitoring in the Context of the
WFD 133
Richard Greenwood and Graham A. Mills
3.2 Diagnostic Water Quality Instruments for Use in the European
Water Framework Directive 153
J.L. Maas, C.A. Schipper, R.A.E. Knoben, M.J. van den
Heuvel-Greve, P.J. den Besten and P.G-J. de Maagd
SECTION 4 MODELLING TOOLS IN SUPPORT OF WFD MONITORING 163
4.1 Joint Modelling and Monitoring of Aquatic Ecosystems
165
J.C. Refsgaard, L.F. Jorgensen, A.L. Hojberg, C. Demetriou, G.
Onorati and G. Brandt
4.2 Integrated River Basin Management: Harmonised Modelling
Tools and Decision-making Process 181
Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz and Fred F. Hattermann
SECTION 5 HYDROGEOLOGICAL COMPONENTS AND GROUNDWATER STATUS 195
5.1 Groundwater Quality Monitoring: The Overriding Importance of
Hydrogeologic Typology (and Need for 4D Thinking) 197
Didier Pennequin and Stephen Foster
5.2 Contribution of Hydrogeological Mapping to Water Monitoring
Programmes 215
Wilhelm F. Struckmeier
5.3 Establishing Environmental Groundwater Quality Standards
229
Dietmar Muller
SECTION 6 SEDIMENT MONITORING 241
6.1 Sediment Dynamics and their Influence on the Design of
Monitoring Programmes 243
Sue White
6.2 Monitoring Sediment Quality Using Toxicity Tests as Primary
Tools for any Risk Assessment 255
Wolfgang Ahlf, Ute Feiler, Peter Heininger and Susanne
Heise
SECTION 7 RISK ASSESSMENT LINKED TO MONITORING 271
7.1 River Basin Risk Assessment Linked to Monitoring and
Management 273
Jos Brils, Damia Barcelo, Winfried E.H. Blum, Werner Brack, Bob
Harris, Dietmar Muller, Philippe Negrel, Vala Ragnarsdottir, Wim
Salomons, Thomas Track and Joop Vegter
7.2 Emerging Contaminants in the Water-sediment System: Case
Studies of Pharmaceuticals and Brominated Flame Retardants in the
Ebro River Basin 287
Mira Petrovic, Ethel Eljarrat, Meritxell Gros, Agustina de la
Cal and Damia Barcelo
7.3 Assessment of Metal Bioavailability and Natural Background
Levels – WFD Monitoring from the Perspective of Metals
Industry 299
Patrick Van Sprang, Katrien Delbeke, Lidia Regoli, Hugo
Waeterschoot, Frank Van Assche, William Adams, Delphine Haesaerts,
Claire Mattelet, Andy Bush, Lynette Chung and Violaine
Verougstraete
7.4 Freshwater Ecosystem Responses to Climate Change: the
Euro-limpacs Project 313
Richard W. Battarbee, Martin Kernan, David M. Livingstone, Uli
Nickus, Piet Verdonschot, Daniel Hering, Brian Moss, Richard F.
Wright, Chris D. Evans, Joan O. Grimalt, Richard K. Johnson, Edward
Maltby, Conor Linstead and Richard A. Skeffington
SECTION 8 ENSURING DATA QUALITY 355
8.1 NORMAN – Network of Reference Laboratories for
Monitoring of Emerging Substances 357
Jaroslav Slobodnik and Valeria Dulio
8.2 Data Quality Assurance of Sediment Monitoring 371
Ulrich Forstner, Susanne Heise, Wolfgang Ahlf and Bernard
Westrich
SECTION 9 REPORTING REQUIREMENTS 387
9.1 Reporting Requirements for Priority Substances 389
Valeria Dulio and Anne Morin
SECTION 10 CONCLUSIONS 409
10.1 Needs for an Operational Science–Policy Mechanism in
Support of WFD Monitoring – National and Regional Examples
411
Philippe Quevauviller, Bob Harris and Philippe Vervier
10.2 Support for WFD Research Needs: Current Activities and
Future Perspectives in the Context of RTD Framework Programmes
445
Andrea Tilche
Index 459