Graphic Standards Field Guide to Softscape

Part I: Soils and Earth 1

Chapter 1: Soils 3

Soil Overview 4

Soil Assessment 15

Designed Soil Mixes 34

Chapter 2: Earth Stripping and Stockpiling 43

Topsoil Preservation, Stripping, and Stockpiling 44

Chapter 3: Earthworks 51

Construction Damage to Existing Trees 52

Grading 69

Spreading and Grading Topsoil 77

Soil Erosion and Sediment Controls 82

Storm Water Pollution Controls 97

Part II: Planting 107

Chapter 4:Trees 109

Nursery Stock Standards 110

Site Considerations and Tree Selection 118

Tree Selection at the Nursery 142

Soil Amendments 184

Deciduous Tree Planting 189

Evergreen and Conifer Tree Selection and Planting 218

Chapter 5: Shrubs and Groundcovers 223

Shrub Selection and Planting 224

Chapter 6:Turf 237

Considerations and Objectives 238

Chapter 7: Planting in Difficult or Special Situations 277

Tree Planting in Paved Areas 278

Green Roofs 318

Xeriscape 348

Part III: Irrigation 355

Chapter 8: Irrigation and Water Use Efficiency 357

Irrigation Systems 358

Index 413