Progress in Nanotechnology: Processing

Introduction xi

Synthesis Methods for Powders

Freeze Casting as a Nanoparticle Material-Forming Method 3
K. Lu and X. Zhu

Preparation of a Nanoscale/SOFC-Grade Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Material: A Quasi-Optimization of the Hydrothermal Coprecipitation Process 13
Y-C Chang, M-C Lee. W-X Kao, and T-N Lin

Synthesis of Nanosize Tin Dioxide by a Novel Liquid-Phase Process 25
Y. Zhou, N. Dasgupta, and A. Virkar

Fabrication of Nanocomposite Powders of Carbon Nanotubes and Montmorillonite 29
J. Feng and Q. Wang

Synthesis of Highly Dispersed Barium Titanate Nanoparticles by a Novel Solvothermal Method 33
X. Wei, G. Xu, Z. Ren, Y. Wang, G. Shen, and G. Han

Continuous Production and Harvesting of Inorganic-Ceramic Nanoparticles 37
S.A.E. Abdulla, P.A. Sermon, M. Worsley, and I.R. Collins

Nanocrystalline Scandia Powders Via Oxalate Precipitation: The Effects of Solvent and Solution pH 49
Z. Xiu, J-G. Li, X. Li, D. Huo, X. Sun, T. Ikegami, and T. lshigaki

A Pulse Combustion-Spray Pyrolysis Process for the Preparation of Nano- and Submicrometer-Sized Oxide Particles 53
W. Widiyastuti, Wei-Ning Wang, Agus Purwanto, 1. Wuled Lenggoro, and Kikuo Okuyama

One-Step Synthesis of Luminescent Nanoparticles of Complex Oxide, Strontium Aluminate 61
C. Li, Y. Imai, Y. Adachi, H. Yamada, K. Nishikubo, and C-N Xu

Nano a-Al,O, Powder Preparation by Calcining an Emulsion Precursor 65
Y-C Lee, S-B Wen, L. Wenglin, and C-P Lin

Lanthanum Strontium Manganite Powders Synthesized by Gel-Casting for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Cathode Materials 71
L. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhen, and S. Jiang

Preparation of Matrix-Type Nickel Oxide/Samarium-Doped Ceria Composite Particles by Spray Pyrolysis 77
S. Suda, K. Kawahara, M. Kawano, H. Yoshida, and T. lnagaki

Novel Low-Temperature Synthesis of Ferroelectric Neodymium-Doped Bismuth Titanate Nanoparticles 85
P. Prakash, A. Garg, M. Roy, and H. Verma

Hydrothermal Synthesis of CdMoO, Nano-Particles 89
X. Jiang, J. Ma, B. Lin, Y. Ren, J. Liu, X. Zhu, J. Tao, Y. Wang, and L. Xie

Chromium-Doped Forsterite Nanoparticle Synthesis by Flame Spray Pyrolysis 93
T. Tani, S. Saeki, T. Susuki, and Y. Ohishi

Formation of AI₂O₃-Tic Composite Nano-Particles Synthesized from Carbon-Coated Precursors 97
H. Kaga and R. Koc

Synthesis of Sm_0.5Sr_0.5CoO_3-x and La_0.6Sr_0.4CoO_3-x Nanopowders by Solution Combustion Process 103
N. Bansal and Z. Zhong

Colloidal Processing and Sintering of Nano-ZrO, Powders Using Polyethylenimine 113
Y. Hotta, C. Duran, K. Sato, and K. Watari

Synthesis of High Purity p-SiAION Nanopowder from a Zeolite by Gas-Reduction-Nitridation 123
T. Yamakawaa, T. Wakihara, J. Tatami, K. Komeya, and T. Meguro

A Novel Supercritical CO, Synthesis of Amorphous Hydrous Zirconia Nanoparticles, and Their Calcination to Zirconia 129
M-H Lee, H-Y Lin, and J. L. Thomas

Praseodymium-Doped Photo-Luminescent Strontium lndate Nanoparticles by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis 137
S. E. Lin, K. Borgohain, and W. C. J. Wei

Nano-Blast Synthesis of Nano-size CeO₂-Gd₂O₃ Powders 141
Oleg Vasylkiv, Yoshio Sakka and Valeriy V. Skorokhod

Sol-Gel Processing and Characterization of Phase-Pure Lead Zirconate Titanate Nano-Powders 147
Yasir Faheem and M. Shoaib

Synthesis of AIN Nanopowder from -y-Al,O, by Reduction-Nitridation in a Mixture of NH₃-C₃H₈ 151
Tomohiro Yamakawa, Junichi Tatami, Toru Wakihara, Katsutoshi Komeya, Takeshi Meguro, Kenneth J. D. MacKenzie, Shinichi Takagi, and Masahiro Yokouchi

Membranes, Films, and Coatings

Microporous ZrO₂ Membrane Preparation by Liquid-Injection MOCVD 159
S. Mathur, E. Hemmer, S. Barth, J. Altmayer, N. Donia, 1. Kumakiri, N. Lecerf, and R. Bredesen

Growth of Barium Hexaferrite Nanoparticle Coatings by Laser-Assisted Spray Pyrolysis 169
G. Dedigamuwa, P. Mukherjee, H. Srikanth, and S. Witanachchi

Two Phase MonaziteKenotime 3OLaPO4-7OYPO, Coating of Ceramic Fiber Tows 179
E. Boakye, R. Hay, P. Mogilevsky, and M. Cinibulk

Template-Free Self-Assembly of a Nanoporous TiO₂ Thin Film 189
Y. Gao, M. Nagai, W-S Seo, and K. Koumoto

Nano-Sized Hydroxyapatite Coatings on Ti Substrate with TiO₂ Buffer Layer by E-beam Deposition 197
S-H Lee, H-E Kim, and H-W Kim

Sol-Gel Routes to Nanostructured Patterned Ferroelectric Thin Films with Novel Electronic and Optical Functions 205
M. Kuwabara, Y. J. Wu, J. Li, and T. Koga

Preparation and Properties of Hydrothermally Stable y-Alumina-Based Composite Mesoporous Membranes 215
Md. Hasan Zahir, Koji Sato, Hiroshi Mori, Yuji Iwarnoto, Mikihiro Nornura, and Shin-ichi Nakao

Synthesis and Tribological Behavior of Silicon Oxycarbonitride Thin Films Derived from Poly(Urea)Methyl Vinyl Silazane 223
T. Cross, R. Raj, T. Cross, S. Prasad, and D. Tallant

Synthesis and Tribology of Carbide-Derived Carbon Films 237
A. Erdemir, A. Kovalchenko, C. White, R. Zhu, A. Lee, M. J. McNallan, B. Carroll and Y. Gogotsi

Nanotubes, Nanorods, and Nanowires

Design, Fabrication and Electronic Structure of Oriented Metal Oxide Nanorod-Arrays 249
L. Vayssieres

Electrospinning of Alumina Nanofibers 257
K. Lindqvist, E. Carlstrorn, A. Nelvig, and B. Hagstrorn

ZnO Nanofiber and Nanoparticle Synthesized Through Electrospinning and Their Photocatalytic Activity Under Visible Light 269
H. Liu, J. Yang, J. Liang, Y. Huang, and C. Tang

Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes and Silicon Carbide Nanofibers as Composite Reinforcing Materials 275
H. Li, A. Kothari, and B. W. Sheldon

Polymer Fiber Assisted Processing of Ceramic Oxide Nan0 and Submicron Fibers 283
S. Shukla, E. Brinley, H. J. Cho, and S. Seal,

Growth of Quasi-Aligned AIN Nanofibers by Nitriding Combustion Synthesis 295
M. Radwan and Y. Miyamoto

Synthesis and Optical Properties of Mullite Nanowires 301
H-K Seong, U. Kim, M-H Kim, H-J Choi, Y. Lee, and W-S Seo

(Na_0.8K_0.2)_0.5Bi_0.5Ti0₃ Nanowires: Low-Temperature Sol-Gel-Hydrothermal Synthesis and Densification 305
Y-D Hou, L. Hou, T-T Zhang, M-K Zhu, H. Wang, and H. Yan

Synthesis and Characterization of Ce_1-χGd_χO_2-δ Nanorods 311
J. S. Lee and S. Kim

Synthesis and Characterization of Cubic Silicon Carbide (p-Sic) and Trigonal Silicon Nitride (α-Si₃N₄) Nanowires 315
K. Saulig-Wenger, M. Bechelany, D. Cornu, S. Bernard, F. Chassagneux, P Miele, and T. Epiciers

Synthesis of Boron Nitride Nanotubes for Engineering Applications 323
J. Hurst, D. Hull, and D. Gorican

Novel Process of Submicron-Scale Ceramic Rod Array Formation on Metallic Substrate 331
K. Okamoto, S. Hayakawa, K. Tsuru, and A. Osaka

Tin Oxide Nanoparticle-Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by the Vapor Phase Method 337
W. Fan, L. Gao, and J. Sun

Electrospinning: A Simple and Versatile Technique for Producing Ceramic Nanofibers and Nanotubes 341
D. Li, J. McCann, Y. Xia, and M. Marquez

Nanocomposites and Nanostructures

Chemical Precipitation Synthesis and Optical Properties of ZnO/SiO, Nanocomposites 353
H. Yang, Y. Xiao, K. Liu, and Q. Feng

Low-Temperature Processing of Dense Hydroxyapatite-Zirconia Composites 359
Y. Nayak, R. Rana, S. Pratihar, and S. Bhattacharyya

Synthesis and Characterization of Chalcogenide Nanocomposites 367
J. Martin and G. Nolas

Self Assembled Functional Nanostructures and Devices 372
C. S. Ozkan

Carbon Nanotube (CNT) and Carbon Fiber Reinforced High Toughness Reaction Bonded Composites 377
P Karandikar, G. Evans, and M. Aghajanian

Syntheis, Characterization and Measurements of Electrical Properties of Alumina-Titania Nanocomposites 389
V. Somani and S. Kalita

A New Ternary Nanolaminate Carbide: Ti₃SnC₂ 401
S. Dubois, T. Cabioc'h, P. Chartier, V. Gauthier, and M. Jaouen

Fabrication of a Nano-Si,N,/Nano-C Composite by High-Energy Ball Milling and Spark Plasma Sintering 405
X. Xu, T. Nishirnura, N. Hirosaki, R-J Xie, and H. Tanaka

Conversion of Bamboo to Biomorphic Composites Containing Silica and Silicon Carbide Nanowires 411
T. L. Y. Cheung and D. H. L. Ng

Novel Processing to Produce Polymer/Ceramic Nanocomposites by Atomic Layer Deposition 417
X. Liang, L. Hakirn, G-D Zhan, J. McCorrnick, S. George, A. Weirner, J. Spencer II, K. Buechler, J. Blackson, C. Wood, and J. Dorgan

Intra-Type Nanocomposites for Strengthened and Toughened Ceramic Materials 425
S. Choi, S. Honda, S. Hashirnoto, and H. Awaji

Prepation and Properties of Mullite-Based Iron Multi-Functional Nanocomposites 433
H. Wang, W. Wang, Z. Fu, T. Sekino, and K. Niihara

Electrospinning of Ceramic Nanofibers and Nanofiber Composites 443
J. Yuh, H. Park, and W. Sigmund

Microstructure and Properties of Spark Plasma-Sintered Zr0₂-ZrB, Nanoceramic Composites 455
B. Basu, T. Venkateswaran, and D-Y Kim

Homogeneous Zr0,-Al₂O₃ Composite Prepared by Nano-ZrO, Particle Multilayer-Coated AI,O, Particles 463
Y. Jia, Y. Hotta, K. Sato, and K. Watari

Preparation of a Highly Conductive AI₂O₃/TiN lnterlayer Nanocomposite through Selective Matrix Grain Growth 467
X. Jin and L. Gao

Preparation and Microstructure of Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes-Toughened AI₂O₃ Composite 471
J. Fan, D. Zhao, M. Wu, Z. Xu, and J. Song

Three-Dimensional Assemblies of Zirconia Nanocrystals Via Shape-Preserving Reactive Conversion of Diatom Microshells 475
S. Shian, Y. Cai, M. Weatherspoon, S. Allan, and K. Sandhage