Self-Assembly and Nanotechnology: A Force Balance Approach

PART I. SELF-ASSEMBLY.

1. UNIFIED APPROACH TO SELF-ASSEMBLY.

1.1. Self-Assembly through Force Balance.

1.2. General Scheme for the Formation of Self-Assembled Aggregates.

1.3. General Scheme for Self-Assembly Process.

1.4. Concluding Remarks.

References.

2. INTERMOLECULAR AND COLLOIDAL FORCES.

2.1. Van der Waals Force.

2.2. Electrostatic Force: Electric Double-Layer.

2.3. Steric and Depletion Forces.

2.4. Solvation and Hydration Forces.

2.5. Hydrophobic Effect.

2.6. Hydrogen Bond.

References.

3. MOLECULAR SELF-ASSEMBLY IN SOLUTION I: MICELLES.

3.1. Surfactants and Micelles.

3.2. Physical Properties of Micelles.

3.3. Thermodynamics of Micellization.

3.4. Micellization versus General Scheme of Self-Assembly.

3.5. Multicomponent Micelles.

3.6. Micellar Solubilization.

3.7. Applications of Surfactants and Micelles.

References.

4. MOLECULAR SELF-ASSEMBLY IN SOLUTION II: BILAYERS, LIQUID CRYSTALS, AND EMULSIONS.

4.1. Bilayers.

4.2. Vesicles, Liposomes, and Niosomes.

4.3. Liquid Crystals.

4.4. Emulsions.

References.

5. COLLOIDAL SELF-ASSEMBLY.

5.1. Forces Induced by Colloidal Phenomena.

5.2. Force Balance for Colloidal Self-Assembly.

5.3. General Scheme for Colloidal Self-Assembly.

5.4. Micelle-like Colloidal Self-Assembly: Packing Geometry.

5.5. Summary.

References.

6. SELF-ASSEMBLY AT INTERFACES.

6.1. General Scheme for Interfacial Self-Assembly.

6.2. Control of Intermolecular Forces at Interfaces.

6.3. Self-Assembly at the Gas–Liquid Interface.

6.4. Self-Assembly at the Liquid–Solid Interface.

6.5. Self-Assembly at the Liquid–Liquid Interface.

6.6. Self-Assembly at the Gas–Solid Interface.

6.7. Interface-Induced Chiral Self-Assembly.

References.

7. BIO-MIMETIC SELF-ASSEMBLY.

7.1. General Picture of Bio-mimetic Self-Assembly.

7.2. Force Balance Scheme for Bio-mimetic Self-Assembly.

7.3. Origin of Morphological Chirality and Diversity.

7.4. Symmetric Bio-mimetic Self-Assembled Aggregates.

7.5. Gels: Networked Bio-mimetic Self-Assembled Aggregates.

7.6. Properties of Bio-mimetic Self-Assembled Aggregates.

7.7. Future Issues.

References.

PART II. NANOTECHNOLOGY.

8. IMPLICATIONS OF SELF-ASSEMBLY FOR NANOTECHNOLOGY.

8.1. General Concepts and Approach to Nanotechnology.

8.2. Self-Assembly and Nanotechnology Share the Same Building Units.

8.3. Self-Assembly and Nanotechnology Are Governed by the Same Forces.

8.4. Self-Assembly versus Manipulation for the Construction of Nanostructures.

8.5. Self-Aggregates and Nanotechnology Share the Same General Assembly Principles.

8.6. Concluding Remarks.

References.

9. NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS.

9.1. What Are Nanostructured Materials?

9.2. Intermolecular Forces During the Formation of Nanostructured Materials.

9.3. Sol–Gel Chemistry.

9.4. General Self-Assembly Schemes for the Formation of Nanostructured Materials.

9.5. Micro-, Meso-, and Macroporous Materials.

9.6. Mesostructured and Mesoporous Materials.

9.7. Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Mesostructured and Mesoporous Materials.

9.8. Microporous and Macroporous Materials.

9.9. Applications of Nanostructured and Nanoporous Materials.

9.10. Summary and Future Issues.

References.

10. NANOPARTICLES: METALS, SEMICONDUCTORS, AND OXIDES.

10.1. What are Nanoparticles?

10.2. Intermolecular Forces During the Synthesis of Nanoparticles.

10.3. Synthesis of Nanoparticles.

10.4. Properties of Nanoparticles.

10.5. Applications of Nanoparticles.

10.6. Summary and Future Issues.

References.

11. NANOSTRUCTURED FILMS.

11.1. What Is Nanostructured Film?

11.2. General Scheme for Nanostructured Films.

11.3. Preparation and Structural Control of Nanostructured Films.

11.4. Properties and Applications of Nanostructured Films.

11.5. Summary and Future Issues.

References.

12. NANOASSEMBLY BY EXTERNAL FORCES.

12.1. Force Balance and the General Scheme of Self-Assembly Under External Forces.

12.2. Colloidal Self-Assembly Under External Forces.

12.3. Molecular Self-Assembly Under External Forces.

12.4. Applications of Colloidal Aggregates.

12.5. Summary and Future Issues.

References.

13. NANOFABRICATION.

13.1. Self-Assembly and Nanofabrication.

13.2. Unit Fabrications.

13.3. Nanointegrated Systems.

13.4. Summary and Future Issues.

References.

14. NANODEVICES AND NANOMACHINES.

14.1. General Scheme of Nanodevices.

14.2. Nanocomponents: Building Units for Nanodevices.

14.3. Three Element Motions: Force Balance at Work.

14.4. Unit Operations.

14.5. Nanodevices: Fabricated Nanocomponents to Operate.

14.7. Summary and Future Issues.

References.

Index.