Building Type Basics for Elementary and Secondary Schools, 2nd Edition

Acknowledgments.

1. Predesign.

Introduction.

The Learning Process.

School Programming and Planning Guidelines.

Early Childhood and Kindergarten.

Elementary Schools.

Middle Schools and High Schools.

Special Schools.

Future School Facility Spaces.

2. Circulation.

Design Concepts.

Building Configurations.

3. Design Concerns and Process.

The Planning, Design, and Implementation Process.

Common Problems and Cautions.

Trends in School Planning and Design.

Unique Design Concerns.

4. Site Planning.

Urban Site Selection.

Suburban Site Selection.

Site Size.

Site Circulation.

Site Programming.

Elementary School Play Areas.

Security and Safety Concepts in Site and Building Design.

Sustainable Site Design.

5. Codes.

Life Safety.

Space Standards.

Appropriate Building Systems and Construction Practices.

Public Policy.

Fiscal and Anticorruption Controls.

Land-Use Policy.

Conclusion.

6. Sustainable Design Issues.

Sustainable Sites.

Water Efficiency.

Energy Conservation.

Building Envelope.

Materials and Resources.

Caveats.

7. Structural Systems.

Building Life.

Fire Safety.

Seismic Considerations.

Flexibility.

Cost.

Aesthetics.

Long-Span Spaces.

Prefabricated and Preengineered Structures.

Foundations.

Special Issues.

8. Mechanical Systems.

General.

Preschools and Kindergartens.

Elementary Schools.

Middle and Secondary Schools.

9. Electrical/Communications Systems.

Reference Standards.

Impact of Technology.

Power Source.

Emergency Power.

Lighting Systems.

Fire Safety.

Communications.

Space Requirements: Rules of Thumb.

10. Technology and Special Equipment.

Technology’s Impact on Learning Space Design.

11. Materials.

Introduction.

Common Material Selections for Primary Spaces.

Durability and Maintenance.

Codes.

Regional Issues.

Environmental Considerations.

Considerations in Material Selection for Schools.

12. Acoustic Control.

Introduction.

Definitions.

Acoustical Performance: Materials and Spatial Proportions.

Design Guides.

Hearing Impairment and ADA Requirements.

13. Lighting Design.

Introduction.

Light Levels, Light Reflectance Values, and Glare.

Electric Lighting Systems.

Windows and Daylighting.

Design Guides.

14. Interior Issues.

Classrooms.

General Use Space.

Flexibility.

Furnishings.

Technology.

Color and Light.

Ergonomics.

Security.

Codes.

15. Wayfinding.

16. Renovation.

Introduction.

To Build New or to Renovate?

17. International Design Issues and Opportunities.

Introduction.

International Schools.

Planning and Design Issues.

18. Operation and Maintenance.

Introduction.

New School Construction.

Existing School Buildings.

19. Cost Issues.

Introduction.

Management.

Relative Costs.

Other Factors that Can Affect Costs.

Value Engineering and Life-Cycle Cost Analysis.

20. Financing.

Public School Financing.

Private School Financing.

Appendix A: Sample Space Program for an Elementary School, Grades PK–5.

Appendix B: Sample Space Program for a Middle School, Grades 6–8.

Appendix C: Sample Space Program for a High School, Grades 9–12.

Bibliography and References.

Index.