Professional Rootkits

Chapter 1: Tools.

How Do I Build a Rootkit?

The Microsoft Driver Development Kit.

Microsoft Visual VC++ 2005 Express.

Microsoft Software Developers Kit.

Sysinternals Freeware.

IDA.

Debugging Tools for Windows.

Verification.

VCVARS32.BAT.

Other Tools to Consider.

What to Keep Out.

Summary.

Chapter 2: A Basic Rootkit.

Ghost.

Alternate Data Streams.

Installing Your Rootkit.

Testing Your Rootkit.

Summary.

Chapter 3: Kernel Hooks.

The System Call Table.

Kernel Memory Protection.

Defining a Hook Function.

An Example.

hookManager.c.

hookManager.h.

What to Hook?

Csr — Client Server Run Time.

Dbg — Debug Manager.

Etw — Event Tracing for Windows.

Ki — Kernel (must be called from Kernel).

Ldr — Loader Manager.

Pfx — ANSI Prefix Manager.

Rtl — Runtime Library.

Zw — File and Registry.

The Problem with Hooking.

Summary.

Chapter 4: User Hooks.

Process Injection.

Finding a Specific Dynamic Link Library.

Defining a Hook Function.

The Trampoline Function.

An Example.

Ghost.h.

Ghost.c.

hookManager.h.

hookManager.c.

injectManager.h.

injectManager.c.

parse86.h.

parse86.c.

peFormat.h.

Using Ghost to Block PGP Encoding.

Summary.

Chapter 5: I/O Processing.

Using DeviceIoControl.

The Console Application.

Controller.c.

IoManager.h.

buildController.bat.

Handling IO within the Device Driver.

IoManager.c.

Injected Function Programming.

Testing I/O Control.

Summary.

Chapter 6: Communications.

The Transport Driver Interface.

Initiating the Connection.

An Example.

commManager.h.

commManager.c.

Running the Example.

Summary.

Chapter 7: Filter Drivers.

Inserting a Filter Driver.

File Filtering.

Network Filtering.

Combined Filtering.

An Example.

filterManager.h.

filterManager.c.

Ghost.c.

IoManager.h.

IoManager.c.

Summary.

Chapter 8: Key Logging.

Processing Levels.

A Keyboard Filter.

Threading and Synchronization.

Interpreting Key Codes.

An Example.

SOURCES.

Ghost.c.

filterManager.c.

filterManager.h.

IoManager.c.

keyManager.h.

keyManager.c.

OnKeyboardRead.

OnReadCompletion.

GetKey.

InitializeLogThread.

KeyLoggerThread.

StartKeylogger.

StopKeylogger.

OnCancel.

Testing the Example.

Summary.

Chapter 9: Concealment.

Registry Key Hiding.

registryManager.h.

registryManager.c.

Ghost.c.

hookManager.h.

hookManager.c.

Directory Hiding.

Process Hiding.

HideMe.c.

Testing Concealment.

Summary.

Chapter 10: E-mail Filtering.

Microsoft Outlook E-mail Filtering.

OutlookExtension.h.

OutlookExtension.cpp.

Installing an Outlook Client Filter.

Testing the Outlook Client Extension.

Lotus Notes E-mail Filtering.

LotusExtension.h.

LotusExtension.c.

LotusExtension.def.

LotusExtension.mak.

readme.txt.

Installing a Lotus Notes Client Filter.

Testing the Lotus Notes Client Extension.

Summary.

Chapter 11: Installation Considerations.

Intended Installation.

Intended Installation Software.

End User License Agreements (EULAs).

Unintended Installation.

Privilege Escalation.

Persistence.

ZwSetSystemInformation with SystemLoadAndCallImage.

Registry Possibilities.

Initialization Files.

Installing onto Machines That Visit Your Website.

Removing the Traces of an Installation.

Testing Your Installation Techniques.

Summary.

Chapter 12: Ghost Tracker.

The Controller.

The Connection.

Tamper Detection.

An Example.

GhostTracker.cs.

ControlForm.cs.

TargetController.cs.

Listen.cs.

GhostTracker.

ControlForm.

Summary.

Chapter 13: Detecting Rootkits.

Detection Methods.

Detection Software.

What to Do with a Detected Rootkit.

Safe Mode.

Summary.

Chapter 14: Preventing Rootkits.

Operating System Updates.

Automatic Updates.

Personal Firewalls.

Free Personal Firewalls.

Other Personal Firewalls.

Host-based Intrusion Prevention Systems.

Hardening.

Virtualizing.

Blocking Unexpected Operations.

Rootkit Prevention Techniques.

Summary.

Appendix A: Freeware.

Index.